Introduction to Network Hardware: Routers, Switches, and Access Points

A Beginner’s Guide to Essential Networking Devices and Their Role in Linux

Networking relies on specialized hardware devices that enable communication between computers, servers, and other devices. Routers, switches, and access points are the backbone of any network infrastructure. Understanding these devices is crucial for setting up, managing, and troubleshooting networks effectively, especially in Linux environments.

This article explores the roles of these devices, how they interact in a network, and how to configure and manage them using Linux tools.

1. Understanding Network Hardware

1.1 Routers

A router connects multiple networks and directs data packets between them. It is primarily responsible for determining the best path for data to travel.

Key Features:

• Connects LANs to WANs or the internet.
• Assigns IP addresses via DHCP.
• Provides Network Address Translation (NAT) for sharing a public IP among devices.
• Example: Home routers connect devices to the internet while managing traffic and security.